Wolff, E. W. and Moore, JC and Clausen, HB and Hammer, CU (1997) Climatic implications of background acidity and other chemistry derived from electrical studies of the Greenland Ice Core Project ice core. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 102. pp. 26325-26332. ISSN 2169-9291 DOI https://doi.org/10.1029/96JC02223
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Abstract
© 1997 by the American Geophysical Union. High-resolution continuous profiles were obtained on the Greenland Ice Core Project (GRIP) ice core using two different electrical methods. After correction for temperature and density, the electrical conductivity method (ECM) technique responds only to acidity, while dielectric profiling (DEP) responds to acid, ammonium, and chloride. Detailed chemistry on a section of glacial-age ice allows us to confirm the calibration factor for chloride in DEP. Acidity dominates the DEP variability in the Holocene, Allerod/Bolling, and larger interstadials; ammonium dominates in the Younger Dryas, while chloride is the major contributor in cold periods including smaller interstadials. From the electrical signals plotted on a linear timescale we can deduce the background (nonvolcanic) acidity of the ice, varying from always acidic in the Holocene to always alkaline in the cold periods. In the interstadials, the ice is close to neutral, with most of it acidic in larger interstadials, most of it alkaline in smaller ones, and rapid alternations within interstadials. It is not clear whether neutralization of individual acidic particles occurred in the atmosphere or whether acid and alkaline particles coexisted until deposition in the snowpack. The changes in acidity observed at GRIP apply at least to all of Greenland and probably to much of North America. There would have been ecological effects and important changes in the uptake of some chemicals onto ice. If acidic sulfate particles were neutralized and removed from the atmosphere, which remains uncertain, then there are atmospheric chemistry and radiative effects that require further investigation.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | NILAREP |
| Subjects: | 01 - Climate Change and Earth-Ocean Atmosphere Systems |
| Divisions: | 01 - Climate Change and Earth-Ocean Atmosphere Systems 08 - Green Open Access |
| Journal or Publication Title: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
| Volume: | 102 |
| Page Range: | pp. 26325-26332 |
| Identification Number: | https://doi.org/10.1029/96JC02223 |
| Depositing User: | Sarah Humbert |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Apr 2016 10:27 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Apr 2016 11:34 |
| URI: | http://eprints.esc.cam.ac.uk/id/eprint/3620 |
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