Wadge, G. and McCormick Kilbride, Brendan T. and Edmonds, M. and Johnson, R.W. (2018) Persistent growth of a young andesite lava cone: Bagana volcano, Papua New Guinea. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 356. pp. 304-315. ISSN 0377-0273 DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2018.03.012
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Abstract
Bagana, an andesite lava cone on Bougainville Island, Papua New Guinea, is thought to be a very young central volcano. We have tested this idea by estimating the volumes of lava extruded over different time intervals (1-, 2-, 3-, 9-, 15-, 70-years) using digital elevation models (DEMs), mainly created from satellite data. Our results show that the long-term extrusion rate at Bagana, measured over years to decades, has remained at about 1.0 m3 s−1. We present models of the total edifice volume, and show that, if our measured extrusion rates are representative, the volcano could have been built in only ~300 years. It could also possibly have been built at a slower rate during a longer, earlier period of growth. Six kilometres NNW of Bagana, an andesite-dacite volcano, Billy Mitchell, had a large, caldera-forming plinian eruption 437 years ago. We consider the possibility that, as a result of this eruption, the magma supply was diverted from Billy Mitchell to Bagana. It seems that Bagana is a rare example of a very youthful, polygenetic, andesite volcano. The characteristics of such a volcano, based on the example of Bagana, are: a preponderance of lava products over pyroclastic products, a high rate of lava extrusion maintained for decades, a very high rate of SO2 emission, evidence of magma batch fractionation and location in a trans-tensional setting at the end of an arc segment above a very steeply dipping and rapidly converging subduction zone.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | 2018AREP; IA74 |
| Subjects: | 05 - Petrology - Igneous, Metamorphic and Volcanic Studies |
| Divisions: | 05 - Petrology - Igneous, Metamorphic and Volcanic Studies 08 - Green Open Access |
| Journal or Publication Title: | Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research |
| Volume: | 356 |
| Page Range: | pp. 304-315 |
| Identification Number: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2018.03.012 |
| Depositing User: | Sarah Humbert |
| Date Deposited: | 21 May 2018 10:36 |
| Last Modified: | 12 Sep 2019 09:40 |
| URI: | http://eprints.esc.cam.ac.uk/id/eprint/4281 |
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